Framework wall structure, building and framework wall construction method

ABSTRACT

A framework wall structure, a building and a framework wall construction method that may improve structural performance against horizontal force and prevent damage to and around a joining member are provided. A viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of an adjacent member set formed of a stud, a lintel receiving portion and a block so that the viscoelastic member absorbs energy of horizontal force and absorption performance of vibration may be improved. Also, the viscoelastic member may decrease a shear force applied to a nail, prevent that the nail is deformed and a nail hole is enlarged, and prevent damages of the nail and a nailed member.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a framework wall structure including a wall body, a building provided with the framework wall structure, and a framework wall construction method. The wall body is formed of a framework having top and bottom plates, and right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework.

BACKGROUND ART

There has been conventionally proposed a framework wall structure provided with a viscoelastic member between a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework (e.g. see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180573). In a conventional framework wall structure according to Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180573, a viscoelastic member is adhered between the framework and the surface so that the viscoelastic member absorbs energy of horizontal force by earthquake, wind or the like and absorption performance of vibration is improved.

However, in the conventional framework wall structure according to Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-180573, stiffness of a framework in an in-plane direction is very different from that of a surface material so that, when large force is applied to the in-plane direction, the difference of a displacement amount between the framework and the surface material increases. As a result, the viscoelastic member may be peeled off from the framework or the surface material, and absorption performance of vibration according to the viscoelastic material may become ineffectively utilized. Furthermore, when the viscoelastic member is peeled off, excessive force is applied to a joining member that joins between the framework and the surface member so that the joining member may be deformed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above drawbacks, this invention has the purpose to provide a framework wall structure, a building and a framework wall construction method that may improve structural performance against horizontal force and prevent damage to and around joining members.

In the framework wall structure of this invention, a wall body is formed by a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework, and a floor body or a roof body is supported on an upper side of the wall body. The framework wall structure is provided with a vertical member extending vertically along the stud and a horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate. Also, the studs adjacent to each other, the stud and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members form an adjacent member set as a surface along a longitudinal direction is a joining surface, the joining surfaces are joined by joining members to oppose to each other, and a viscoelastic member is attached being sandwiched in at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.

According to this invention as described above, a viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that, when a shear force is generated between adjacent members by horizontal force, the viscoelastic member is elastically deformed by the shear force, and resistance force (or damping force) is generated by the viscosity. Energy is absorbed by such resistance force (or damping force) and absorption performance of vibration may be improved. A member forming the adjacent member set is adjacent to each other in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction so that the difference of a displacement amount in adjacent members is small, and absorption performance of vibration by the viscoelastic material may be effectively utilized. Furthermore, the viscoelastic member is provided with a joining surface along a longitudinal direction so that an area that is provided with the viscoelastic member is secured.

Also, energy is absorbed in the viscoelastic member so that the viscoelastic member may decrease the shear force applied to the joining member, prevent that the joining member such as a nail or the like is deformed and a nail hole is enlarged, and prevent damage to and around a joining member. Furthermore, the adjacent member set may be formed including two or more adjacent members, and the viscoelastic member may be provided between all of or a part of joining surfaces.

In the case of the framework wall structure of this invention, it is preferable that the viscoelastic member is provided with the adjacent member set placed at an intersection that is intersected by at least two of wall surfaces that are formed by the framework and the surface material

According to such the structure, the viscoelastic member is provided to the adjacent members set placed at the intersection so that, when all intersecting wall surfaces are deformed having the displacement amount different from each other, even if the shear force is generated by the difference of such the displacement amount, the connection member may decrease the shear force generated in the joining members, and absorption performance of vibration may be further improved.

Also, in the framework wall structure, the vertical member is a lintel receiving portion that is provided surrounding an opening portion or a block that is provided between the studs or between the stud and the lintel receiving portion. Preferably, the horizontal member is the lintel that is provided above the opening portion, a head binder that is provided above the top plate, a joist provided above the top plate or below the bottom plate, or a floor board that is provided above the joist.

According to the structure, the shear force that the joining member joining the adjacent member set bears may be decreased. Furthermore, the viscoelastic member is provided between the joining member of the adjacent member set having the lintel and the lintel receiving portion so that, around the opening portion that is not provided with a surface material, even if the lintel and the lintel receiving portion are deformed more than the top plate, the bottom plate and the stud, the viscoelastic member may absorb energy of the shear force generated at this time, and prevent deterioration of structural performance according to forming the opening portion as much as possible.

Meanwhile, the building of this invention is provided with the framework wall structure. The building of this invention is not limited of its application (a house, a store, a warehouse, etc.) and scale (a building area, a capacity, a number of floors, etc.), and the framework wall structure is applicable for various buildings.

Meanwhile, in the framework wall structure of this invention, a wall body is formed by the framework having the top plate, the bottom plate, and the right and left studs and a surface material fixed to the framework, and the floor body or the roof body is supported on the upper side of the wall body. The framework wall structure uses a vertical member extending vertically along the stud and a horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate. Also, the studs adjacent to each other, the stud and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members form the adjacent member set as a surface along a longitudinal direction is a joining surface, the joining surfaces are joined by joining member to oppose to each other, and the viscoelastic member is attached so as to be sandwiched between at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.

According to this invention, the viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that the viscoelastic member may improve absorption performance of vibration as described above, and prevent damage to and around a joining member. Further, the step of attaching the viscoelastic member between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set may be executed, when the framework or the like is erected at the construction site of the building. Also, when the framework is assembled at a factory or the like, or when the frameworks are combined and paneled, the step may be executed.

According to the framework wall structure, the building, and the framework wall construction method as described above, the viscoelastic member is sandwiched between joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that the viscoelastic member may improve structural performance against horizontal force and prevent damage to and around a joining member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a framework wall structure in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the 1st story of a framework wall structure;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the 2nd story of a framework wall structure;

FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 2 along a line IV-IV;

FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 3 along a line V-V;

FIG. 6A is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with a variation of this invention;

FIG. 6B is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with a variation of this invention;

FIG. 7A is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 7B is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 7C is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 7D is a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention;

FIG. 8A is further a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention; and

FIG. 8B is further a cross sectional view of an essential part in a framework wall structure in accordance with another variation of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment of this invention is hereinafter described with reference to FIGS. 1-5. A framework wall structure 1 of the exemplary embodiment is a building such as a detached house, an apartment, or the like, and is applied to a wood framework wall structure and a two-story building. The 1st story of the framework wall structure 1, as shown in FIGS. 1-2, is provided with a sill plate 2 supported by a foundation F, a joist 3A supported by the sill plate 2, a floor material 4A fixed so as to cover the upper surface of the joist 3A, a framework 5A fixed to upper side of the floor material 4A, and a head binder 6A supported by the framework 5A. Also, the floor body of the 2nd story, namely a joist 3B and a floor material 4B, above the head binder 6A is supported. Further, above the floor body of the 2nd story, a framework 5B and a head binder 6B are supported similarly the 1st story, and a roof body that is not illustrated is supported above the 2nd story.

For example, the sill plate 2 is formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension of 38 mm×114 mm, provided along the foundation F, and fixed to the foundation F by anchor bolts that are not illustrated.

The joist 3A is provided with a header joist 31 that is provided along the sill plate 2 and fixed by nailing, a floor joist 32 that is provided between the header joists 31 opposed to each other, a receiving member 33 that is provided between the floor joists 32, and a reinforcing joist 34 that is provided along the header joist 31 and between the floor joists 32. For example, the header joist 31, the floor joist 32 and the reinforcing joist 34 are formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension 38 mm×184 mm, and the receiving member 33 is formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension of 38 mm×89 mm. Also, the joist 3B of the 2nd story is fixed to the head binder 6A of the 1st story by nailing, and provided with the header joist 31, the receiving member 33, and the reinforcing joist 34 similarly the 1st story.

For example, the floor materials 4A and 4B are formed from structural plywood and fixed along the joists 3A and 3B by nailing.

The framework 5A is provided with a top plate 51, a bottom plate 52, a plurality of studs 53, a lintel 54A, a lintel receiving portion 55A that supports the lintel 54A from the lower side. The stud 53 is fixed to the top plate 51 and the bottom plate 52 by nailing, the lintel 54A and the lintel receiving portion 55A are fixed to the stud 53 by nailing, and further the bottom plate 52 is fixed to the joist 3A and the floor material 4A by nailing. As a result, the entire framework 5A is supported by the joist 3A and the floor material 4A. For example, the top plate 51, the bottom plate 52, the stud 53, the lintel 54A and the lintel receiving portion 55A are formed of lumber having a cross sectional dimension 38 mm×89 mm. Also, an opening portion O1 surrounded by the lintel 54A and the lintel receiving portion 55A is formed. The framework 5B of the 2nd story, as shown in FIG. 3, is provided with the top plate 51, the bottom plate 52, the stud 53, the lintel 54B and the lintel receiving portion 55B, and opening portions O2 and O3 are formed similarly the 1st story. Further, a hold-down hardware H that is attached to the stud 53 and the lintel receiving portion 55A and an anchor bolt A that is embedded to the foundation F are fixed so that the framework 5A is firmly fixed to the foundation F. As such, the framework 5A is fixed to the foundation F. As a result, the entire framework wall structure 1 may prevent separating from the foundation F by horizontal force, and a viscoelastic member 9 that is provided with adjacent members 10A and 10B, as described later, may absorb energy effectively.

The frameworks 5A and 5B, as shown in FIG. 4, are fixed from outside to an exterior wall material P1 as a surface material, and fixed from inside to an interior wall material P2 as a surface material so that the wall body is formed. For example, the exterior wall material P1 is formed from structural plywood, and the interior wall material P2 is formed of gypsum boards.

The left side of wall surface in FIG. 1 is the 1st wall surface 50 a, the right surface of wall surface is the 2nd wall surface 50 b, and the portion intersecting the first wall surface 50 a and the 2nd wall surface 50 b is an intersection 50 c. In the intersection 50 c, a block 7 for dimension adjusting is provided between two studs 53.

The head binders 6A and 6B have a cross sectional dimension similarly the top plate 51 and are fixed along the top plate 51 by nailing.

In the framework wall structure 1, as described above, the block 7 and the lintel receiving portions 55A and 55B act as vertical members, and the joists 3A and 3B and the floor materials 4A and 4B act as a horizontal members.

Next, each connection structure of the joists 3A and 3B, the floor materials 4A and 4B, the frameworks 5A and 5B, and the head binders 6A and 6B is described in detail.

At first, in the intersection 50 c of the 1st story, the stud 53, the lintel receiving portion 55A and the block 7 have a connection structure as illustrated with a cross section in FIG. 4. In other words, the stud 53 of the let wall surface 50 a, the lintel receiving portion 55A, the block 7 and the stud 53 of the 2nd wall surface 50 b are adjacent to each other, connected with a lateral surface along a longitudinal direction (i.e., the vertical direction) as a joining surface by a nail 8 as a connection member. As a result, an adjacent member set 10A is formed. The viscoelastic member 9 is attached being sandwiched between joining surfaces, namely among the stud 53, the lintel receiving portion 55A and the block 7. Also, in the intersection 50 c of the 2nd story, the adjacent member set is formed similarly, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided.

Also, in the connection portion between the 1st story and the 2nd story, the top plate 51, the head binder 6A, the joist 3B, the floor material 4B, and the bottom plate 52 have a connection structure as illustrated with a cross section by FIG. 5. In other words, the top plate 51, the head binder 6A, the header joist 31 and the reinforcing joist 34, the floor material 4B and the bottom plate 52 are adjacent to each other with an arranged manner in the vertical direction, connected with a lateral surface along a longitudinal direction (i.e., the horizontal direction) as a joining surface by the nail 8. As a result, an adjacent member set 10B is formed. The viscoelastic member 9 is attached being sandwiched between joining surfaces that is among the top plate 51, the bottom plate 52, and each horizontal member. Also, the sill plate of the 1st story, the joist 3A, the floor material 4A, and the bottom plate 52 forms the adjacent member set similarly the 2nd story, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided.

Next, effect of the viscoelastic member 9 is described. When external force, such as an earthquake or the like, is applied to the building, a shear force is generated between adjacent members. For example, when external force of the vertical direction in FIG. 4 is applied, the 1st wall surface 50 a receives force of an out-plane direction. Meanwhile, the 2nd wall surface 50 b receives force of an in-plane direction. As a result, the 1st wall surface 50 a and the 2nd wall surface 50 b are deformed having each different displacement amount. Shear force is generated between two studs 53 of the 1st wall surface 50 a and the stud 53 of the 2nd wall surface 50 b. The viscoelastic member 9 is elastically deformed by such the shear force, and energy is absorbed by generating resistance force (or damping force) based on the viscosity.

Also, in members extending to the horizontal direction, the shear force is generated by horizontal force transmitted from an upper story to a lower story and to the foundation. For example, in FIG. 5, when horizontal force is transmitted from the bottom plate 52 of the 2nd story to the floor material 4B, from the floor material 4B to the header joist 31 and the reinforcing joist 34, from the header joist 31 and the reinforcing joist 34 to the head binder 6A of the 1st story, and from the head binder 6A to the top plate 51 of the 1st story, the shear force is generated between the bottom plate 52 and the floor material 4B, between the floor material 4B and the header joist 31 and the reinforcing joist 34, between the header joist 31 and the reinforcing joist 34 and the head binder 6A, and between the head binder 6A and the top plate 51. As a result, energy may be absorbed by viscosity of the viscoelastic member 9 sandwiched between these joining surfaces.

According to the exemplary embodiment as described above, the viscoelastic member 9 is sandwiched between the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set so that the viscoelastic member 9 may absorb energy of horizontal force and improve absorption performance of vibration. Also, the viscoelastic member 9 may decrease the shear force that is applied to the nail 8, prevent that the nail 8 is deformed and a nail hole is enlarged, and prevent damages of the nail 8 and a nailed member. The viscoelastic member 9 is provided with a joining surface along a longitudinal direction so that an area that is provided with the viscoelastic member 9 is secured.

Further, the viscoelastic member 9 is provided to the adjacent member set in the intersection 50 c so that, even if the 1st wall surface 50 a and the 2nd wall surface 50 b are deformed having a displacement amount different from each other, energy of large the shear force may be absorbed by the difference of such the displacement amount, the shear force that nail 8 bears may be decreased, and absorption performance of vibration may be further improved.

Also, the viscoelastic member 9 is provided between the lintel receiving portion 55A and the stud 53 so that around the opening portion O1 that is not provided with the exterior wall material P1 and the interior wall material P2, even if the lintel receiving portion 55A is deformed in the vertical direction so as to be shifted from the stud 53, the viscoelastic member 9 may absorb energy of the shear force generated at this time, and prevent deterioration of structural performance according to forming the opening portion O1 as much as possible.

Furthermore, this invention is not limited of the embodiment, includes other configurations to achieve the purpose of this invention, and includes variations as described below. For example, in the above exemplary embodiment, the adjacent member set 10A that has the stud 53, the lintel receiving portion 55A, and the block 7 is exemplified. Otherwise, as illustrated in FIG. 6A, an adjacent member set 10C may have a configuration that the studs 53 are adjacent to each other or that the viscoelastic member 9 is provided between the studs 53.

Also, in the above exemplary embodiment, the opening portion O1 is formed near the intersection 50 c. In other words, the configuration is that the lintel receiving portion 55A is provided. Otherwise, the configuration may be that the opening portion is not formed, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the lintel receiving portion 55A may be omitted, or the configuration may be that three studs 53 are combined so that an adjacent member 10D is formed and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided, as illustrated in FIG. 6B.

Also, in the above exemplary embodiment, the adjacent member set is formed at the intersection between wall surfaces as exterior walls, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided. Otherwise, the configuration may be that the adjacent member is formed at a T-shaped intersection between an interior wall and an exterior wall, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the stud 53, the lintel receiving portion 55 and the block 7 are appropriately combined according to existence of the opening portion O so that adjacent members 10E, 10F, 10G, and 10H are formed, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided.

Also, the configuration may be that the adjacent member set is formed at a cross-shaped intersection intersecting interior walls, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the stud 53, the lintel receiving portion 56 and the support material 7 are appropriately combined so that adjacent member sets 10I and 10J are formed, and the viscoelastic member 9 is provided.

Also, the configuration may be that the viscoelastic member 9 is provided between the top plate 51 and an appropriate horizontal member, between the bottom plate 52 and a horizontal frame, and between appropriate horizontal members, or that the viscoelastic member 9 is provided between the stud 53 and an appropriate vertical member.

Also, members utilized in this invention are formed of solid materials made from wood and/or laminated materials made from wood and/or bamboo.

In addition, a preferred configuration, method, or the like for carrying out this invention is disclosed by the following description, and this invention is not limited to these embodiments. Then, this invention is especially illustrated and described in relation to specific embodiments mainly. Otherwise, it may be performed with several changes by those who skilled in the art about shape, material, quantity, and other detailed configurations in terms of exemplary embodiments described above, without deviating technical ideas and scope of the purpose in this invention. Therefore, the limited description of shape, material, or the like as disclosed above describes exemplary so as to easily understand. This invention is not limited thereby so that this invention includes the description written by a name of a member that is excluded a part of limitations such shape, material, or the like, or all limitations.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   1 framework wall structure -   3A, 3B joist (horizontal member) -   4A, 4B floor material (horizontal member) -   5A, 5B framework -   6A, 6B head binder (horizontal member) -   7 block -   8 nail (joining member) -   9 viscoelastic member -   51 top plate -   52 bottom plate -   53 stud -   54A, 54B lintel -   55A, 55B lintel receiving portion -   P1 exterior wall material (surface material) -   P2 interior wall material (surface material) -   10A-10J adjacent member set 

1. A framework wall structure, wherein a floor body or a roof body is supported on an upper side of a wall body, the wall body comprising: a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs; and a surface material fixed to the framework; the framework wall structure comprising: a vertical member extending vertically along each of the right and left studs and supporting a horizontal member; the horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate, wherein the right and left studs arg adjacent to each other, each of the right and left studs and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members form an adjacent member set so that a surface along a longitudinal direction is a joining surface, and joining surfaces are joined by joining members to oppose to each other, and wherein a sheet-like viscoelastic member is attached so as to be sandwiched between at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set.
 2. The framework wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the viscoelastic member is provided to the adjacent member set placed at an intersection at which at least two wall surfaces formed by the framework and the surface material intersect.
 3. The framework wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the vertical member is a lintel receiving portion provided surrounding an opening portion, or a block provided between the studs or between the stud and the lintel receiving portion, and wherein the horizontal member is a lintel provided above the opening portion, a head binder provided above the top plate, a joist provided above the top plate or below the bottom plate, or a floor board provided above the joist.
 4. A building comprising, the framework wall structure according to claim
 1. 5. A framework wall structure method for making a floor body or a roof body to be supported on an upper side of a wall body, the wall body comprising: a framework having a top plate, a bottom plate, and right and left studs; and a surface material fixed to the framework; the framework wall structure method including: the framework wall structure method including: preparing a vertical member extending vertically along each of the right and left studs and supporting a horizontal member, and the horizontal member extending horizontally along the top plate or the bottom plate; forming an adjacent member set with the right and left studs being adjacent to each other, each of the right and left studs and the vertical member, the top plate and the horizontal member, the bottom plate and the horizontal member, and the horizontal members, with a surface along a longitudinal direction being a joining surface; joining by joining members such that the joining surfaces are opposed to each other; and attaching a sheet-like viscoelastic member at least one pair of the joining surfaces of the adjacent member set. 